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1.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 18(3): 184-188, set. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-977170

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El empiema torácico se define como derrame pleural purulento. La causa más frecuente es el infeccioso paraneumónico, sin embargo, puede presentarse en escenarios posquirúrgicos o postraumáticos. El empiema sigue una evolución progresiva trifásica y el tratamiento debe enfocarse a la causa de la enfermedad, fase evolutiva, y el estado general del paciente. Algunos casos requieren toracotomía con drenaje abierto tipo ventana torácica para solucionar el padecimiento. Materiales y Método: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo basado en una serie de casos. Se analizaron datos de pacientes consecutivos con empiema intervenidos con toracotomía con drenaje abierto tipo ventana torácica y uso de sistema de presión negativa en un Hospital de 3er Nivel del Sureste de México de octubre 2015 a junio 2017. Resultados: Se analizaron seis casos, la mediana de edad fue 46 años (rango intercuartílico 34-47) y 67% eran hombres. El sistema de presión negativa se colocó en el periodo posquirúrgico con una mediana de 6 días (rango intercuartílico 5-7). El tiempo medio de permanencia fue de 61 días (RIC 43-148). Finalmente, el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria fue de 72 días (RIC 49-87). El 67% de los casos evolucionó con cierre de la ventana torácica y adecuada expansión pulmonar. Conclusiones: En pacientes con empiema crónico, la terapia integral que incluya toracotomía con ventana torácica y el uso de sistema de presión negativa es una estrategia aceptable de tratamiento. Se requieren más estudios que ratifiquen los resultados de forma más objetiva.


Background: Thoracic empyema is defined as a purulent pleural effusion. Its most common origin is parapneumonic, nonetheless, post-surgical or post-traumatic empyema can also occur. Empyema has a progressive three-phase evolution and the treatment must focus to the evolutionary phase, cause of the disease and overall state of the patient. Some cases would undergo through thoracotomy with thoracic window open drainage to solve the disease. Material and Methods: This is an observational, retrospective and descriptive study based on all consecutive patients with empyema who underwent thoracotomy with thoracic window open drainage in a 3rd level hospital in the southeast of Mexico between october 2015 and june 2017. Results: We identified 6 cases. Median of age was 46 years (IQR 34-47) and 67% were male. The negative pressure system was placed in the 6th day of surgery (IQR 5-7). Median time of use was 61 days (IQR 43-148). Finally, the length of hospital stay was 72 days (IQR 49-87). 67% of the cases had chest window closure with adequate lung expansion. Conclusions: when we face a clinical scenario with chronic empyema, an integral therapy that includes thoracic window thoracotomy with a negative pressure system is an acceptable treatment strategy. Subsequent studies are required in order to ratify the results


Subject(s)
Pleural Effusion , General Surgery , Empyema
2.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 18(3): 189-193, set. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977171

ABSTRACT

Introduction: the thoracic empyema is defined as a purulent pleural effusion. Its most frequent cause is infectious parapneumonic effusion; however, postsurgical or posttraumatic empyema can also occur. The empyema has a progressive three-phase evolution and its treatment shall focus on the cause of the disease, the evolutionary phase and the general condition of the patient. In order to cure this condition, some cases require thoracotomy with open thoracic window drainage. Materials and Method: observational, retrospective and descriptive study based on a series of cases. We analyzed data from consecutive patients with empyema who underwent thoracotomy with open thoracic window drainage and using a negative pressure system in a third-level care hospital in the southeast of Mexico between October 2015 and June 2017. Results: we analyzed 6 cases. Median of age was 46 years (interquartile range 34-47), and 67% were male. The negative pressure system was placed during the postsurgical period, with a median of 6 days (interquartile range 5-7). The mean permanence time was 61 days (IQR 43-148). Finally, the length of hospital stay was 72 days (IQR 49-87). 67% of the cases had thoracic window closure and adequate lung expansion. Conclusions: in patients with chronic empyema, an integral therapy including thoracic window thoracotomy with a negative pressure system is an acceptable treatment strategy. More studies are required in order to ratify the results more objectively.


Subject(s)
Pleural Effusion , General Surgery , Empyema
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 31(3): 822-825, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-694962

ABSTRACT

La perdida ósea en el sector posterior de maxila ha sido asociada a la perdida dentaria y la presencia del seno maxilar puede generar importantes complicaciones y desafíos en el momento de realizar rehabilitación con implantes dentales. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar la relación existente entre la perdida dentaria y su influencia en la perdida ósea. Setenta radiografías panorámicas digitales de 70 sujetos fueron estudiadas analizando cada hemimaxila separadamente; se analizo la altura ósea en el primer premolar, segundo premolar, primer molar y segundo molar realizando mediciones verticales en el eje axial de cada diente; cuando no existieron dientes en el area se realizo la medición en el lugar donde debería estar el diente. También se realizo la medición de la distancia vertical y horizontal del seno maxilar en sus lugares intermedios. El análisis de datos se realizo con la prueba Anova y con la prueba Chi cuadrado utilizando un valor de p<0,05 para determinar significancia estadística. Los resultados demostraron ausencia de relación estadística entre la perdida dentaria y la perdida ósea; el sector de primer y segundo molar fueron los que mas presentaron perdida ósea cuando no estaba el diente en estudio; el sexo del paciente no presento influencias sobre la pérdida ósea. Se puede concluir que si bien existe una perdida ósea en el sector de primer molar y segundo molar, no puede atribuirse solamente a la ausencia dentaria en el sector.


The bone loss in the posterior area of the maxilla has been associated to the loss teeth and the maxillary sinus can be cause significant complications and challenge for rehabilitation with dental implants. The aim of this research was to identify the relationship between tooth loss and bone loss. Seventy panoramic radiographs of 70 patients were used in this research analyzing each hemi maxilla separately. Was analyzed the bone height in first molar, second molar, first bicups and second bicusp with vertical measurement made in the long axis of each teeth; if there where no teeth in the area of measurement where conducted at the place where the tooth should be. Also performed measurement in vertical and horizontal dimension for relation with tooth loss. The data analyses was do it with Anova test and Chi-square test using p<0,05 for statistical significance. The result showed no statistical relationship between tooth loss and bone loss; the first and second molar area showed more bone loss when the teeth is not present; sex of patient was not associated to bone loss. Finally, we can conclude that although exist a bone loss in the first and second molar area, it can not be attributed only to the teeth absence in the sector.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Atrophy , Tooth Loss , Maxillary Sinus , Radiography, Panoramic , Maxillary Sinus/anatomy & histology
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